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  4. T. 78, № 9, 2023

Журнал аналитической химии, 2023, T. 78, № 9, стр. 771-782

Выделение наночастиц из почвы и пыли и их исследование методом масс-спектрометрии с индуктивно связанной плазмой в режиме анализа единичных частиц

М. С. Ермолин a, *, П. С. Федотов a

a Институт геохимии и аналитической химии им. В.И. Вернадского Российской академии наук
119991 Москва, ул. Косыгина, 19, Россия

* E-mail: ermolin@geokhi.ru

Поступила в редакцию 18.04.2023
После доработки 21.04.2023
Принята к публикации 24.04.2023

Аннотация

Исследование природных и антропогенных наночастиц пыли и почвы является актуальной задачей аналитической химии и биогеохимии, решение которой требует применения взаимодополняющих методов разделения и анализа. В настоящей работе обобщены существующие подходы к выделению наночастиц из природных полидисперсных образцов. Рассмотрены методы экстрагирования наночастиц водными растворами, возможности интенсификации процесса извлечения наночастиц ультразвуковым полем, методы экстрагирования в точке помутнения, а также методы очистки выделяемых фракций наночастиц от примесей микрочастиц. Оценены преимущества и недостатки указанных методов. Отмечено, что успех исследования наночастиц почвы и пыли зависит от грамотного выбора комплекса методов выделения наночастиц из полидисперсных образцов и их очистки от примесей микрочастиц, а также методов характеризации и элементного анализа наночастиц. Особое внимание уделено масс-спектрометрии с индуктивно связанной плазмой в режиме анализа единичных частиц как перспективному методу определения концентрации, размерного распределения и элементного состава наночастиц.

Ключевые слова: масс-спектрометрия с индуктивно связанной плазмой, анализ единичных частиц, наночастицы, пыль, почва, выделение.

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